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What the laboratory says this test is for

Identification of the Ixodes tick species will result in reflex to Real-Time PCR for detection of Borrelia species in the tick. The diagnosis of Borreliosis is most often made by clinical examination combined with evidence of a tick bite and/or exposure in endemic areas. Amplification of Borrelia genomic DNA from a tick can help support the diagnosis.

What the laboratory says this test is for

Encephalitis due to anti-neuronal autoantibodies may present in a variety of ways and may be associated with a variety of tumors. Screening for anti-neuronal autoantibodies is performed using tissue immunofluorescence with confirmation by line blot assay. This CSF panel also includes additional testing for autoantibodies frequently associated with encephalitis such as NMDA receptor using cell-based assays. Testing using both serum and CSF increases sensitivity for detection.

What the laboratory says this test is for

This panel comprises antibody testing for infections caused by Ricketssia rickettsii, Richetssia typhi, Salmonella, and Brucella in patients with fever. A 4-fold change in titers of antibodies between acute and convalescent sera confirms the infection. This panel provides targeted identification of antibodies, which supports differential diagnosis and can provide evidence of exposure.R rickettsii causes Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF), the most severe rickettsial disease in the United States. RMSF is transmitted via several species of ticks and occurs most commonly in North Carolina, Tennessee, Missouri, Arkansas, and Oklahoma. Fever and headache along with other nonspecific symptoms begin 3 to 12 days after the bite. Serious complications that affect multiple systems may develop quickly and can lead to death in days, especially in children under 10 years old. Thus, early diagnosis and treatment are critical to survival [1].R typhi causes flea-borne (murine) typhus. The geographic distribution of murine typhus extends throughout tropical and subtropical areas worldwide; it is rare in the United States, occurring mainly in Southern California, Hawaii, and Texas. Fever begins with chills and can last about 12 days. Severe complications can happen, if the infection is not treated, but are unusual [2].Salmonella infection can be caused by eating contaminated foods including vegetables, eggs, chicken, pork, and fruits. It can also spread between people and from animals to people. Common symptoms, such as diarrhea, fever, and stomach cramps, are usually self-limiting. However, children under 5 years old, adults over 65, and people with compromised immune systems may develop serious or fatal complications [3]. This panel can detect antibodies to 5 Salmonella antigens: H type A, B, and D; O type Vi and D.Brucella infections are commonly acquired from farm animals and raw dairy products in countries without effective public health and domestic animal health programs. Fever and other nonspecific symptoms of brucellosis start suddenly and later may become remittent. Recurrent brucellosis affects multiple systems with endocarditis as one of the most severe complications [4].Clinical false-negative results for IgG- and IgM-based serologic tests can occur due to compromised immunity, testing before antibody response has started, or the presence of interfering substances in host serum. A 4-fold change in titers of antibodies between acute and convalescent sera confirms the infection [1,2,4].The results of this test should be interpreted in the context of pertinent clinical and family history and physical examination findings.References1. Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF). Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Accessed September 25, 2021. https://www.cdc.gov/rmsf/index.html2. Flea-borne (murine) typhus. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Accessed September 25, 2021. https://www.cdc.gov/typhus/murine/index.html3. Salmonella. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Accessed September 25, 2021. https://www.cdc.gov/salmonella/4. Brucellosis. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Accessed September 25, 2021. https://www.cdc.gov/brucellosis/

What the laboratory says this test is for

To screen for the infection with Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis in vaginal, endocervical and urethral swabs or urine from men and women.

What the laboratory says this test is for

The assay is intended to aid in the diagnosis of vaginitis using clinician-collected and patient-collected vaginal swab specimens from individuals with a clinical presentation consistent with vaginitis. Testing for bacterial vaginosis (BV), vulvovaginal candidiasis and trichomoniasis are included. The BV test is an in vitro nucleic acid amplification test that utilizes real time transcription-mediated amplification (TMA) for detection and quantitation of ribosomal RNA from bacteria associated with bacterial vaginosis (BV), including Lactobacillus (L. gasseri, L. crispatus, and L. jensenii), Gardnerella vaginalis, and Atopobium vaginae. The assay reports a qualitative result for BV and does not report results for individual organisms. For vulvovaginal candidiasis and trichomoniasis, a real time transcription-mediated amplification (TMA) assay is used to detect and qualitatively report results for Candida species group (C. albicans, C. tropicalis, C. parapsilosis, C. dubliniensis), C. glabrata, and Trichomonas vaginalis.

What the laboratory says this test is for

Measurement of serum 25-OH vitamin D concentrations provide a good index of circulating vitamin D activity in patients not suffering from renal disease. Lower than normal 25-OH vitamin D levels can result from a dietary deficiency, poor absorption of the vitamin or impaired metabolism of the sterol in the liver. A 25-OH vitamin D deficiency can lead to bone diseases such as rickets and osteomalacia. Above normal levels can lead hypercalcemia. This assay employs liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry to independently measure and report the two common forms of 25-hydroxy vitamin D: 25OH D3 - the endogenous form of the vitamin and 25OH D2 - the analog form used to treat 25OH Vitamin D3 deficiency.

What the laboratory says this test is for

This new test code is designed to help clinicians order age-appropriate testing for cervical cancer screening and STIs. Based on the patient's age and on ACOG Practice Guidelines for cervical cancer screening and Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) and Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) screening, testing in addition to the Pap will be processed as follows: • Patients aged 21-24: Patients will receive Image-guided Pap and, when the result is ASC-US, a high-risk HPV mRNA test will be performed. Additionally, testing for CT/NG will be performed. • Patients aged 25-29: Patients will receive Image-guided Pap and, when the result is ASC-US, a high-risk HPV mRNA test will be performed. • Patients aged 30-65: Patients will receive Image-guided Pap and a high-risk HPV mRNA test. When the Pap result is negative but the HPV mRNA screen is positive, Genotyping for HPV mRNA 16, 18/45 will be performed. • Patients falling outside of the above age ranges, or without a date of birth, will receive an Image-guided Pap only. Codes may include ThinPrep® or SurePath™ Image-guided Paps, HPV mRNA, CT/NG.

What the laboratory says this test is for

This new test code will perform like test code 91384 but will always add Chlamydia trachomatis (CT), Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG), and Trichomonas vaginalis ("trich" or TV) testing to the Pap. Specifically, testing will occur as follows: • Patients aged 21-24: Patients will receive Image-guided Pap and, when the result is ASC-US, a high-risk HPV mRNA test will be performed. Additionally, CT/NG and TV will be performed. • Patients aged 25-29: Patients will receive Image-guided Pap and, when the result is ASC-US, a high-risk HPV mRNA test will be performed. Additionally, CT/NG and TV will be performed. • Patients aged 30-65: Patients will receive Image-guided Pap and a high-risk HPV mRNA test. When the Pap result is negative but the HPV mRNA screen is positive, Genotyping for HPV mRNA 16, 18/45 will be performed. Additionally, CT/NG and TV will be performed. • Patients falling outside of the above age ranges, or without a date of birth, will receive an Image-guided Pap. Additionally, CT/NG and TV will be performed. Codes may include ThinPrep® or SurePath™ Image-guided Paps, HPV mRNA, CT/NG/TV.

What the laboratory says this test is for

This new test code will perform like test code 91384 but will always add Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) and Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) testing to the Pap. Specifically, testing will occur as follows: • Patients aged 21-24: Patients will receive Image-guided Pap and, when the result is ASC-US, a high-risk HPV mRNA test will be performed. Additionally, testing for CT/NG will be performed. • Patients aged 25-29: Patients will receive Image-guided Pap and, when the result is ASC-US, a high-risk HPV mRNA test will be performed. Additionally, testing for CT/NG will be performed. • Patients aged 30-65: Patients will receive Image-guided Pap and a high-risk HPV mRNA test. When the Pap result is negative but the HPV mRNA screen is positive, Genotyping for HPV mRNA 16, 18/45 will be performed. Additionally, testing for CT/NG will be performed. • Patients falling outside of the above age ranges, or without a date of birth, will receive an Image-guided Pap and additionally, testing for CT/NG will be performed. Codes may include ThinPrep® or SurePath™ Image-guided Paps, HPV mRNA, CT/NG.

What the laboratory says this test is for

This panel evaluates for the most common hereditary and acquired venous thrombophilia risk factors except for Protein C and S.

What the laboratory says this test is for

Persons infected with Borrelia miyamotoi most likely have fever, joint pains, fatigue, and headache, though unlike Lyme disease, rash is uncommon.The diagnosis of Borrelia miyamotoi is most often made by history and clinical examination combined with exposure in endemic areas. Amplification of B. miyamotoi genomic DNA from blood, fluids or tissues confirms the diagnosis.

What the laboratory says this test is for

The assay is intended to aid in the diagnosis of vaginitis using clinician-collected and patient-collected vaginal swab specimens from individuals with a clinical presentation consistent with vaginitis. Testing for bacterial vaginosis (BV), vulvovaginal candidiasis and trichomoniasis, as well as Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae is included.The BV test is an in vitro nucleic acid amplification test that utilizes real time transcription-mediated amplification (TMA) for detection and quantitation of ribosomal RNA from bacteria associated with bacterial vaginosis (BV), including Lactobacillus (L. gasseri, L.crispatus, and L. jensenii), Gardnerella vaginalis, and Atopobium vaginae. The assay reports a qualitative result for BV and does not report results for individual organisms.For vulvovaginal candidiasis and trichomoniasis, a real time transcription-mediated amplification (TMA) assay is used to detect and qualitatively report results for Candida species group (C. albicans, C. tropicalis, C. parapsilosis, C. dubliniensis, C. glabrata), and Trichomonas vaginalis.For Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae, A target capture assay for the in vitro qualitative detection and differentiation of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) from Chlamydia trachomatis and/or Neisseria gonorrhoeae is utilized.

What the laboratory says this test is for

The prompt detection of fungus in clinical samples is extremely important for in-patient management. Disseminated fungal infections are increasing in prevalence, and fungus cultures are essential for the isolation and subsequent identification of the causative agents.

What the laboratory says this test is for

A complete blood count is used as a screening test for various disease states to include: anemia, leukemia and inflammatory processes.