Biomarkers · Chemical
Vitamin B12
- Also listed as
- b12, cobalamin
- Primary unit
- pg/mL
- LOINC codes
- 2132-9
- Tests that measure Vitamin B12
- Quest Diagnostics 10, Labcorp 9
Ranges
Compare the reference ranges labs publish with guideline targets, diagnostic cut-offs, study-based ranges and practitioner targets. Move across the rows to check a value against each range, and open a source from the legend. How to read these ranges
Vitamin B12, pg/mL
- Lab reference ranges2 labs
- Diagnostic cut-offs3 cut-offs
All 5 published ranges, with sources
Lab reference ranges
Quest, over 17200 to 1100 pg/mL
Age over 17
Quest Diagnostics Test Directory, Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin) (927), 2025
Labcorp, adults232 to 1245 pg/mL
Adults
Diagnostic cut-offs
BSH 2014 cut-offbelow 200 pg/mL
Adults
A serum cobalamin cut-off of 148 pmol/L (200 ng/L), or one from a local reference range.
NICE NG239 confirmed deficiencybelow 180 pg/mL
Adults over 16
Total B12 below 180 ng/L (133 pmol/L).
NICE NG239 indeterminate180 to 350 pg/mL
Adults over 16
Total B12 of 180 to 350 ng/L (133 to 258 pmol/L).
Tests
Check the catalog code, specimen, method and preparation for every test that measures Vitamin B12. Select up to five tests to compare them side by side.
Quest Diagnostics 10 tests
Single-analyte tests
Micronutrient, Vitamin B12 10194
Serum · Fasting not stated · Turnaround Set up: Tues-Sat
Quest Diagnostics catalog pageMethod and collection
- Method
- Immunoassay (IA)
- Collection
- Patients should be 18 years of age or greater
- Reference notes
- ≥18 years 200-1100 pg/mL Reference range not available for individuals <18 years for this micronutrient test.
Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin) 927
Serum · Fasting not stated · Turnaround Set up: Mon-Fri; Report available: 5 days
Quest Diagnostics catalog pageMethod and collection
- Method
- Immunoassay (IA)
- Reference notes
- ≤4 Years Not established 5-9 Years 250-1205 pg/mL 10-17 Years 260-935 pg/mL >17 Years 200-1100 pg/mL
Panels that include this biomarker
Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin) and Folate Panel, Serum 7065
2 analytes · Serum · Fasting not stated
Quest Diagnostics catalog pageMethod and collection
- Method
- Immunoassay (IA)
- Collection
- Dietary supplements containing biotin may interfere in assays and may skew analyte results to be either falsely high or falsely low. For patients receiving the recommended daily doses of biotin, draw samples at least 8 hours following the last biotin supplementation. For patients on mega-doses of biotin supplements, draw samples at least 72 hours following the last biotin supplementation. Note: If transport to performing laboratory will exceed 24 hours please transport refrigerated (cold packs)
- Reference notes
- See individual tests
Dementia Panel, Secondary Causes 34541
3 analytes · Serum · Fasting not stated
Quest Diagnostics catalog pageMethod and collection
- Method
- See individual tests
- Preparation
- Fasting specimen is preferred. Specimen collection after fluorescein dye angiography should be delayed for at least 3 days. For patients on hemodialysis, specimen collection should be delayed for 2 weeks. According to the assay manufacturer Siemens: "Samples containing fluorescein can produce falsely depressed values when tested with the Advia Centaur TSH3 Ultra assay."
- Collection
- EDTA (lavender-top): Maintain specimen at room temperature. Do not refrigerate. If multiple draw, collect EDTA (lavender-top) tube last. Traumatic draw can introduce thromboplastin and trap WBC and platelets. Refrigeration can precipitate fibrin and trap WBC and platelets. Serum note: If transport to performing laboratory will exceed 24 hours please transport refrigerated (cold packs).
- Reference notes
- See Laboratory Report
Pernicious Anemia Diagnostic Panel 91304
3 analytes · Serum · Fasting not stated
Quest Diagnostics catalog pageMethod and collection
- Method
- Immunoassay (IA) • Mass Spectrometry (MS)
- Preparation
- Samples should not be collected from a patient who has received vitamin B12 injection therapy within the past week.
- Collection
- Do not expose specimen to light for more than 24 hours. Note: Send serum in an amber tube. If amber tube is not available, wrap tube in aluminum foil to protect from light. Separate serum into three tubes, 1 tube with 2 mL and 2 tubes with 1 mL each. Red-top tube (preferred): Centrifuge the specimen as soon as possible after complete clot formation has taken place. Transfer the serum to a plastic screw-capped vial and ship it at refrigerated temperature. Barrier gel separator tube (acceptable): Centrifuge the specimen as soon as possible after complete clot formation has taken place. Do not place barrier tubes in an ice bath as freezing may prevent the barrier gel from adequately separating serum from cells. Transfer the serum to a plastic screw-capped vial and ship it at refrigerated temperature. Heparin tube (acceptable): Centrifuge the specimen as soon as possible (within one hour after collection) and transfer the plasma to a plastic screw-capped vial and ship it at refrigerated temperature.
- Reference notes
- See individual tests
Multiple Sclerosis (MS) Differential Evaluation with Reflexes 18216
4 analytes · Serum · Fasting not stated · Turnaround Set up: See individual assays; Report available: 7 days
Quest Diagnostics catalog pageMethod and collection
- Method
- Cell-based Immunofluorescence Assay • Immunoassay (IA) • Immunoturbidimetric Assay • Immunofluorescence Assay (IFA) • Immunoblot (IB)
- Collection
- Label the tubes according to your standard operating procedure, making sure that each tube has at least two unique patient identifiers. Draw 9 tubes, 11 mL serum in a red-top tube (no gel). Allow the blood to clot for at least 30 minutes, but not longer than 1 hour before centrifugation. Centrifuge each tube for 15 minutes at 1250 to 1600 RCF. Transfer serum to plastic screw-cap vial(s). The plastic screw-cap vial containing serum must be labeled with the specimen type. Place sample(s) on cold packs or in refrigerator. Sample is stable for 7 days at 2-8° C (refrigerated). Do not transport or store samples at room temperature.
- Reference notes
- See Laboratory Report
Post COVID-19 Panel 11454
5 analytes · See individual tests · Fasting not stated
Quest Diagnostics catalog pageMethod and collection
- Method
- See individual tests
- Reference notes
- See individual tests
Labcorp 9 tests
Single-analyte tests
Vitamin B12 001503
Serum · Fasting not stated · Turnaround Within 1 day
Labcorp catalog pageMethod and collection
- Method
- Electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA)
- Preparation
- Fasting specimen preferred; must draw before Schilling test, transfusions or B12 therapy is started.
- Collection
- If a red-top tube is used, transfer separated serum to a plastic transport tube.
- Reference notes
- 232−1245 pg/mL
Vitamin B12 Deficiency Cascade 141503
Serum · Fasting not stated · Turnaround 1 - 2 days
Labcorp catalog pageMethod and collection
- Collection
- If a red-top tube is used, transfer separated serum to a plastic transport tube.
Panels that include this biomarker
Vitamin B12 and Folates 000810
2 analytes · Serum · Fasting not stated · Turnaround Within 1 day
Labcorp catalog pageMethod and collection
- Method
- Electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA)
- Collection
- If red-top tube is used, transfer separated serum immediately to a plastic transport tube.
Pre-Bariatric Surgery Micronutrient Profile 259104
9 analytes · Serum · Fasting not stated · Turnaround 2 - 4 days
Labcorp catalog pageMethod and collection
- Method
- See individual test components.
Anemia Profile B 042077
26 analytes · Serum · Fasting not stated · Turnaround Within 1 day
Labcorp catalog pageMethod and collection
- Method
- See individual tests.
Post-Bariatric Surgery Micronutrient Profile 259129
33 analytes · Serum · Fasting not stated · Turnaround 3 - 5 days
Labcorp catalog pageMethod and collection
- Method
- See individual test components.
Post-Bariatric Surgery Comprehensive Profile 259090
50 analytes · Serum · Fasting not stated · Turnaround 5 - 7 days
Labcorp catalog pageMethod and collection
- Method
- See individual test components.
0 of 5 tests selected
Pick one moreGoals and conditions
We link Vitamin B12 to these goals and conditions from named guidelines and studies.
Energy and fatigueGoal, companion marker
NICE leaves vitamin B12 to clinical judgement as an additional test when ME/CFS is suspected.
Vitamin B12 and folateGoal, primary marker
NICE uses total B12 (serum cobalamin) or active B12 as the initial test for B12 deficiency.
Vitamin B12 deficiencyCondition, ICD-10 E53.8, primary marker
NICE treats total B12 below 180 ng/L (133 pmol/L) as confirmed deficiency.
Sources
9 tests: codes, specimens, methods, preparation and reference intervals.
Quest Diagnostics test catalog
10 tests: codes, specimens, methods, preparation and reference intervals.
Clinical guideline: Range: BSH 2014 cut-off
Clinical guideline: Energy and fatigue (companion)
Clinical guideline: Range: NICE NG239 confirmed deficiency, Range: NICE NG239 indeterminate, Vitamin B12 and folate (primary), Vitamin B12 deficiency (primary)
Labcorp test menu, Vitamin B12 (001503), 2026
Laboratory catalog: Range: Labcorp, adults
Quest Diagnostics Test Directory, Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin) (927), 2025
Laboratory catalog: Range: Quest, over 17
LOINC 2132-9
Regenstrief Institute codes that identify the same result across labs.
Search ClinicalTrials.gov for Vitamin B12
Registered studies that measure Vitamin B12, on the U.S. National Library of Medicine registry.
Verify these ranges and sources
We compile this page from named laboratory catalogs, guidelines and studies. Labs calculate reference intervals from the people they test, for one assay method and one population group, so an interval describes that population rather than an optimal target.
Interpret your own results with a licensed clinician, or track your lab history and health goals in Aumnivida.
Spotted an error? Email hello@biomarkerlens.com with the page URL and the primary source that corrects the entry.