Biomarkers · Chemical
A plain-language description with its source has not been added for this biomarker yet. What the laboratories say about the tests that measure it is below.
What the laboratory says this test is for
Aldosterone is a hormone produced by the adrenal glands. Patients with primary hyperaldosteronism exhibit hypokalemia, hypertension, and low direct renin concentrations.
Quest Diagnostics test directory, test code 229
What the laboratory says this test is for
This panel may be used for differential diagnosis of congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) and aldosterone synthase deficiency. In addition to the analytes included in this panel (17-hydroxyprogesterone, 11-deoxycortisol, 18-hydroxycorticosterone, aldosterone), other tests may be required to establish a diagnosis.CAH is a group of autosomal recessive diseases characterized by deficiencies of enzymes in steroid hormone production. These deficiencies cause imbalances of steroid intermediates and hormones. Clinical manifestations of CAH vary and depend upon the type of defect [1,2]. When symptoms and signs suggest aldosterone deficiency, this panel may be used to assist in diagnosing different types of CAH as well as aldosterone synthase deficiency, an inherited disorder caused by disruption of the final steps of aldosterone biosynthesis [3].17-hydroxyprogesterone levels are elevated in patients with 21-hydroxylase deficiency (the cause of 95% of CAH). 11-beta-hydroxylase and P450 oxidoreductase deficiency can also result in elevated 17-hydroxyprogesterone levels, whereas other types of CAH can result in decreased 17-hydroxyprogesterone levels [1,2].11-deoxycortisol levels are elevated in patients with 11-beta-hydroxylase deficiency and decreased in patients with P450 cholesterol side-chain cleavage enzyme deficiency [2].18-hydroxycorticosterone is markedly elevated in patients with corticosterone methyloxidase (CMO) deficiency type II and mildly decreased in patients with CMO deficiency type I [3].Aldosterone levels are decreased in patients with most types of CAH and CMO deficiency type II and undetectable in patients with CMO deficiency type I [3].Other tests and panels are available to help differentiate among different types of CAH and disorders with similar clinical manifestations.The results of this test should be interpreted in the context of pertinent clinical and family history and physical examination findings.References1. Speiser PW, et al. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2018;103(11):4043-4088.2. El-Maouche D, et al. Lancet. 2017;390(10108):2194-22103. White PC. Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2004;217(1-2):81-87.
Quest Diagnostics test directory, test code 15273
What the laboratory says this test is for
Measurements of aldosterone/cortisol ratios in specimens from adrenal venous blood, obtained by an experienced radiologist, is the "gold standard" test to distinguish between an adenoma or unilateral hyperplasia and bilateral hyperplasia. Unilateral disease is associated with a marked (usually greater than four-fold) increase in the aldosterone/cortisol ratio on the side of the tumor, whereas there is little difference between the two sides in patients with bilateral hyperplasia. AVS (adrenal vein sampling) with aldosterone/cortisol measurement is indicated if imaging studies fail to unequivocally identify an adenoma or if the identified adenoma is <1 cm in size.
Quest Diagnostics test directory, test code 19573
What the laboratory says this test is for
The Aldosterone-renin ratio is used to screen for primary aldosteronism.
Quest Diagnostics test directory, test code 16845
What the laboratory says this test is for
Steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR) catalyzes the initial rate-limiting in the formation of steroid hormones. Affected individuals present with deficiency of cortisol and aldosterone, as well as early precursors in the synthesis of steroid hormones (Pregnenalone; DHEA (Dehydroepiandrosterone). Additional testing may be required to establish a diagnosis.
Quest Diagnostics test directory, test code 15276
What the laboratory says this test is for
All steroids requiring the action of 17-Hydroxylase enzyme are low, including 17-OH Progesterone and Cortisol. Levels of estradiol and aldosterone are also low. Additional testing may be required to establish a diagnosis.
Quest Diagnostics test directory, test code 15274
Everything above is drawn from the named sources and shown as they published it. Reference ranges belong to the laboratory that issued them and the population it named; they are not a universal normal. This page describes the biomarker in general and does not interpret anyone's result. For your own numbers, talk to a clinician, or use Aumnivida, which reads the same graph next to your records.
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